特徴～Features – ページ 143 – 日本200名城バイリンガル (Japan's top 200 castles and ruins)

4.Hirosaki Castle Part2

The castle remains in nearly its original range.

Features

From Outer Moat to Third Enclosure

Surprisingly, almost all the range of Hirosaki Castle remains as Hirosaki Park.

The aerial photo around the castle, it looks almost the same as the old illustration of the castle below.

Part of the illustration of Hirosaki Castle in Tsugaru District, in the Edo Period, exhibited by the National Archives of Japan

If you visit the park from the south such as Hirosaki Station, you will enter the Main Gate at the Third Enclosure surrounded by the earthen walls and the Outer Moat. You will also find huge amount of cherry trees planted on the earthen walls and can imagine beautiful cherry blossoms even if it is not spring.

Around the Outer Moat with cherry trees planted

The gate is one of the two remaining gate buildings at the enclosure. You may also find the gate turning to the other side not facing you. This is because other castles built in the same period as Hirosaki Castle usually have a gateway with two gate buildings. The first one is facing the visitors and the second one is turning to other the side. The two buildings form a square space with other walls to protect the castle, called “Masugata”. In the case of Hirosaki Castle, the first one was omitted, which has a very unique style.

An example of the Masugata style from the restored Yamanote-mon Gate of Kofu Castle

There is an Information Center in the enclosure.

Second Enclosure still has all its Gates and turrets

The aerial photo of around the Second Enclosure

You will walk inside, then see the Second Enclosure surrounded by the earthen walls and the Central Moat. It is also amazing that the two gates and three Three-Story Turrets of the enclosure all remain now. These turrets have cooper plate roof tiles, which make them look thin. The combination of the turrets and the earthen walls also look very good. There is an Information Center in the enclosure.

The remaining Second Enclosure South Gate

The remaining Second Enclosure Tatsumi Turret

The remaining Second Enclosure Hitsuji-saru Turret

Main Enclosure where Main Tower was once moved

The aerial photo around the Main Enclosure

You will soon reach the Main Enclosure with the remaining Main Tower inside the Inner Moat. In fact, the stone walls on the eastern side of the enclosure are being repaired (as of Sep 2021). This is because the surface of the stone walls are inflated that might collapse if there’s an earthquake.

The stone walls of the Main Enclosure which are being restored

For this reason, the Main Tower was once moved from the stone wall base at the southeast corner to the center of the enclosure. Therefore, you can see the Main Tower close by. The two sides of the tower that faces the outside are much decorated. On the other hand, the other sides facing the inner part are very simple. It might be for that the tower was at first built as a substitute, anyway it’s so interesting.

The present stone wall for the Main Tower without it

The sides of the Main Tower which are decorated

The sides of the Main Tower which are very simple

You can also see the large stone base for the first five-layer Main Tower at the southwest corner in the enclosure. If the weather is fine, you can see a great view of Iwaki-san Mountain from there.

The stone wall base for the first Main Tower

The view could be like this if the weather is fine (taken by u**m from photoAC)

To be continued in “Hirosaki Castle Part3”
Back to “Hirosaki Castle Part1”

4.弘前城　その２

城は、ほとんど元と同じ範囲で残っています。

特徴、見どころ

外堀から三の丸へ

驚くべきことに、ほとんど全ての弘前城の範囲がそのまま弘前公園として残っています。

城周辺の航空写真、下の古絵図とほとんど同じに見えます

南の方、例えば弘前駅の方から公園を訪れる場合、土塁と外堀に囲まれた三の丸にある追手門から入って行くことになるでしょう。また、その土塁には夥しい数の桜の木が植えられていて、春でなくても美しい桜の花で飾られるだろうと想像できます。

追手門は三の丸に残っている２つの門のうちの一つです。門に入るとき、その門が正面を向いていないことに気づくかもしれません。それは、弘前城と同じ時期に建てられた城には、通常２つの門の建物を持つ関門がありました。１番目の門は正面を向き、２番目の門は別の方向を向いていました。２つの門は、壁面とともに四角い空間を形作り、「桝形」と呼ばれ、城を守っていました。弘前城の場合は、その１番目の門が省略されていて、とても独特なスタイルです。

三の丸は現在、植物園、公共施設、リラックスゾーンになっています。

全ての門と櫓が残る二の丸

二の丸周辺の航空写真

更に中に入っていくと、土塁と中堀に囲まれた二の丸が見えてきます。これもまた驚きですが、二の丸にあった２つの門と３つの三階櫓が今日全て残っているのです。櫓の屋根には銅板が使われていて、それが櫓をスマートに見せています。櫓と土塁の組み合わせもとても合っています。二の丸にはインフォメーションセンターがあります。

天守が引越し中の本丸

本丸周辺の航空写真

やがて、内堀の中の、天守がある本丸に到着します。実は、本丸の東側の石垣が修理中です（２０２１年１２月現在）。その石垣の表面が膨張しており、地震が起こった場合崩れかねないからです。

そのため、天守は本丸の東南隅にある天守台石垣から一時的に移動されています。よって、天守をすぐ近くに見ることができます。外側を向いている二面は、派手に飾り付けられています。一方、内側を向いている他の面はとても地味です。最初は天守の代用品として作られたからかもしれません。いずれにせよ大変面白いことです。

本丸の西南隅には、最初の天守があった大規模な石垣台があります。天気が良ければ、ここから岩木山の雄大な眺めを見ることができます。

晴れていればこのように見えるはず (taken by u****************m from photoAC)

「弘前城その３」に続きます。
「弘前城その１」に戻ります。

110.Miharu Castle Part2

The town and castle ruins have distinct tastes.

Features

Features of Miharu Town

If you visit the ruins of Miharu Castle today by train, you will find JR Miharu Station to be the nearest station from the castle, being at the bottom of the valley surrounded by the hills. In this area, the roads, train lines and rivers go through the valleys. Currently you will see many large official facilities and even some farmlands are on the hills. They have the distinct feature of the area. Similarly, we can easily speculate that people of this area in the past would have had access to this unique terrain which were important facilities for a castle.

Around the station surrounded by the hills

The relief map around the castle

The center of Miharu Town originates from the castle town of Miharu Castle. It was divided into 2 sections – the southern town and northern town. The route through the town has a 90 degree angle connecting the southern and northern parts. In the Southern Town, currently you can only see the remaining gate for the Miharu Domain school and the Miharu Primary School standing there. In the past, you would be able to see the Main Gate of the Castle and the Main Hall for the lord at the foot of the mountain.

The map around the castle

The remaining remaining gate for the Miharu Domain school

Route from Southern town

You can now access the ruins of Miharu Castle by climbing up the Castle Slope which is another route to the front of the castle. There, you will see several enclosures along the slope with some of them being used as modern residential area. In order to reach the top of the mountain, you will have to go up on a zigzagged trail. At the peaks of the trail, you will see the gate ruins such as the Second Gate, the Agetsuchi Gate and the Third Gate. This would have been the defense system of the castle. You will soon reach the entrance of the lower tier of the Main Enclosure at the top where the Large Gate once stood. You can only see the stone foundations of the gate from here.

The Castle Slope and the residential area around

The Large Gate ruins in the lower tier of the Main Enclosure

Route from Northern town

The Northern Town has a Back Route to the top of the mountain called the Sanbu-zaka Slope. The trail also zigzaggs along with a lot of empty enclosures which shows the long history of the castle. There, you will see the ruins of the Back Entrance, the ruins of the Turret and the few remaining stone walls which the Gamo Clan built before reaching the other entrance of the lower tier of the Main Enclosure. This is where the Back Gate would had been in the past.

Main Enclosure with Shrine and lots of Trees

The lower tier is an open square now, but the Three Story Turret stood out in the past. The upper tier of the Main Enclosure is next to the lower tier. It is mostly empty now because of the great fire that happened in the Edo Period. You can only see the shrine which worships the Akita Clan at the stone wall foundation. However I can not be certain if the stone walls are from the original castle. There, You will see a view of the other hills around overlooking the castle town. Lots of trees have been planted around the enclosure as a park attraction. Therefore this view is very beautiful during the spring and autumn seasons .

Is this the stone wall base for a Main Tower? but it seemed to be built after the castle was abandoned

The shrine which worships the Akita Clan on the stone walls

To be continued in “Miharu Castle Part3”
Back to “Miharu Castle Part1”