145.Kokokuji Castle Part2

The earthen walls and the dry moats are outstanding.

Features

Going to Main Enclosure from Third Enclosure

Now, the marshland around Kokokuji Castle has been turned into the city area. Only the ruins of the castle remain. The modern Nekata Road goes through the ruins. If you visit the ruins by car, you can park at a parking lot in the Third Enclosure, the lowest one out of the three main enclosures. You can walk up from the parking lot to the top Main Enclosure along a gentle slope. The middle tier is the Second Enclosure which looks flat and empty, but it had a round-shaped moat in the past.

The aerial photo around the castle

The entrance of the castle ruins
The Third Enclosure with a parking lot
The Second Enclosure which had a moat

Main Enclosure and its Earthen Walls

The Main Enclosure is still surrounded by large high horseshoe-shaped earthen walls. It’s a fine sight. Inside of the enclosure, there are the monuments of Soun Hojo and Yasukage Amano, and the Homi Shrine which was founded in the Edo Period. The earthen walls on the back of the enclosure are 6m high, and you can walk up to the top by the steps. You can also see the stone walls partly built under the top. There are also foundation stones on the top which are considered the ruins of the base for the Main Tower, but it is thought that a kind of turret was there. You can see a view of the town area with Izu Pninsula on the south from the top.

The earthen walls surrounded by the horseshoe-shaped earthen walls
The monuments of Soun Hojo and Yasukage Amano
The Homi Shrine
The stone walls under the top
The stone foundation for “the base for the Main Tower” on the top
A view from the top

The Dry Moat of Main Enclosure and Northern Part

The large deep dry moat also remains behind the Main Enclosure. You can walk down from the top to the bottom of the moat by the steps as well. It is 18m deep where you can look up the top. You may wonder about the several earthen holes in the walls which were built as air-raid shelters during World War II. The edge of the moat leads to the side of the ruin of the castle which was part of the marshland in the past.

The dry moat behind the Main Enclosure
The air-raid shelters built during World War II
The western side of the ruins

There is also the North Enclosure over the dry moat on the north. Another round-shaped moat was over there, and it was turned into the railway track of Tokaido Shinkansen Super Express. Historians speculate that the set of the round-shaped moats were built by the Takeda Clan or the Tokugawa Clan who used to build similar systems in other castles.

The Main Enclosure seen from the North Enclosure
The railway track of Tokaido Shinkansen Super Express which was a moat

To be continued in “Kokokuji Castle Part3”
Back to “Kokokuji Castle Part1”

145.興国寺城 その2

土塁と空堀が際立っています。

特徴

三の丸から本丸へ向かう

現在、興国寺城周辺の沼地は市街地となっており、城跡だけが残っています。また、現在の根方街道が城跡を通っています。もし車で城跡を訪れるのでしたら、3つの主な曲輪のうち一番低い三の丸にある駐車場に停めることができます。駐車場から一番高い本丸まで緩い坂を歩いて登っていきます。真ん中の段は二の丸で、平らで何もないように見えますが、過去には半円形の堀がありました。

城周辺の航空写真

城跡の入口
駐車場になっている三の丸
かつては堀があった二の丸

本丸とその土塁

本丸は今でも大きく高い馬蹄形の土塁に囲まれています。なかなか壮観です。本丸の中には北条早雲と天野康景の記念碑があり、そして江戸時代に設立された穂見神社があります。本丸の背後にある土塁は6mの高さがあり、階段を使って頂上まで登っていくことができます。頂上下の一部には石垣が築かれています。頂上には礎石もあり、天守台跡とされていますが、実際には櫓の一種があったと考えられています。頂上からは南の方に街並みと伊豆半島の姿を見ることができます。

馬蹄形の土塁に囲まれた本丸
北条早雲と天野康景の記念碑
穂見神社
頂上下の石垣
頂上にある「天守台」の礎石
頂上からの景色

本丸空堀とその北側

本丸の背後には大きく深い空堀も残っています。頂上から堀の底まで、これも階段を使って降りていくことができます。堀は18mの深さがあり、底から頂上を見上げるような感じです。土壁にいくつか洞穴があり、なんだろうと思われるかもしれませんが、第二次世界大戦中に掘られた防空壕です。堀の端は城跡の側面に通じており、かつてはそこは沼地となっていました。

本丸背後の空堀
戦時中に掘られた防空壕
城跡の西側面

また、空堀を超えた北側には北曲輪があります。その先には半円形の堀がもう一つありましたが、その場所は東海道新幹線の線路となっています。歴史家は、半円形の堀のセットは武田氏か徳川氏によって築かれたのだろうと推測しています。彼らの別の城で類似例が見られるからです。

北曲輪から見た本丸
東海道新幹線の線路となったかつての堀

「興国寺城その3」に続きます。
「興国寺城その1」に戻ります。

24.Takeda Clan Hall Part2

The legacies of Takeda and Tokugawa remain around the shrine.

Features

Center of Ruins becomes Takeda Shrine

Now, the center of the ruins of Takeda Clan Hall have become Takeda Shrine. If you visit there from JR Kofu Station, you have to go up through the gentle slope for about 2km. After that, you will see the entrance of Takeda Shrine with the front guard frame on the south of the shrine. In fact, the entrance is not original, and was built when the shrine was founded. You can also see the stone walls on both sides of the entrance, which were built by the Tokugawa Clan. The earthen walls and water moats surrounding the whole shrine were built by the Takeda Clan.

The entrance of Takeda Shrine
The stone walls built by the Tokugawa Clan
The earthen walls and water moat surrounding the shrine

The Main Shrine stands inside where the Main Hall of the Takeda Clan stood in the past. A circuit style garden was also built in front of the hall to host visitors. Next to the Main Shrine, there is the treasure hall where you can learn more about Takeda Clan Hall and see Takeda’s items such as a flag of Sun Tzu which shows Shingen’s motto and their armors.

The Main Shrine

The map around the castle

Eastern part developed as Park

There is another entrance on the east of the shrine called the Main Gate which was the original front gate. The stone walls around the gate are likely originally from Takeda’s period. In front of the Main Gate, there is the restored square stone mound to protect the gate. This is due to the achievement of the recent excavation, which was originally built by Tokugawa Clan. In fact, the ruin of the round Umadashi system by the Takeda Clan was found under the ruin of the square stone mound. That means Tokugawa replaced the Umadashi system with their stone mound. The excavation team found that another enclosure was also built on the east of the gate and the stone mound. It is thought that this enclosure was built probably by the Tokugawa Clan to protect the Main Gate as well. The entrance and earthen walls of the enclosure have been restored as a park area.

The Main Gate on the east
The restored stone mound
The restored enclosure on the east of the Main Gate

West Enclosure with Takeda’s atmosphere

On the west of Takeda Shrine, the West Enclosure remains. You can walk across the earthen bridge from the shrine to the enclosure. You can also see the exit to the enclosure with the stone walls on both sides, which may be Shingen’s period in origin. The inside of the enclosure is empty, and the halls for Shingen’s family and relatives were there. The antique earthen walls and water moats surrounding the enclosure highlight the mood at that time. In addition, the front entrance of the enclosure on the south also shows one of Takeda’s defense systems called Masugata. It has a square space inside the entrance surrounded by earthen walls like brackets to protect the enclosure.

Going to the West Enclosure form the shrine
The stone walls at the exit to the West Enclosure
The West Enclosure with an antique appearance
The southern entrance of the West Enclosure
The Masugata part surrounded by the earthen walls

To be continued in “Takeda Clan Hall Part3”
Back to “Takeda Clan Hall Part1”