124.Shinagawa Batteries Part3

The ruins of Shinagawa Batteries are very useful for telling people about what happened in the past. Visual historical items are significantly better than only records or explanation boards.

Features

Looking around N0.3 Battery Ruins

The ruins of the No.3 Battery as the Daiba Park is connected to the seaside by a marine walkway. The walkway was added when the park was established, that means the battery had originally been isolated. As you get close to the battery, you will see its characteristic stone walls using the Hanedashi system. The system refers to all the stones on the top row are layered to prevent enemies from invading, which emulated European castles. This system is rarely seen in other Japanese castles only in Goryokaku, Tatsuoka Castle and Hitoyoshi Castle which were built or renovated at the end of the Edo Period. In fact, this is the only spot where you can see them close by because it is prohibited for visitors to approach the stone walls from the other sides.

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Imitation Gun Platforms
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The aerial photo of the No.3 Battery

The marine walkway to the park
The Hanedashi system of the No.3 Battery
You can’t approach other stone walls of the battery in other places
The Hanedashi system of Goryokaku

You can land at the battery by using steps like boarding a ship. You can next see a close view of the battery. It is a large square with one side being 160m long and its perimeter is higher than the center. There are few remaining original items, so some visitors might not notice that it is a ruin without the knowledge of its history. If you walk on the perimeter which is made with earthen walls from the entrance, the view is so nice. You can see Odaiba Seaside Park on the left, the Rainbow Bridge and the No.6 Battery on the right, and Tokyo Bay ahead.

You can land the battery by using these steps
The close view of the battery
Walking on the earthen walls of the perimeter
The view of Tokyo Bay ahead
The No.6 Battery on the left and the Rainbow Bridge on the right

Ruins regarding Guns

There are two imitations of gun platforms on one side of the perimeter opposite the entrance. However, they are not actually real and should not be considered even as replicas, according to historians. In addition, there were thick and long earthen protective walls called “breastworks” in front of cannons, but they seem to have collapsed. There were also earthen side walls dividing the canons to protect gunners from blasts, but were removed after the battery being abolished. This side was definitely the front line against enemies.

The two imitations of gun platforms
The protective walls around the guns have been lost

The ruins of the gun powder magazines are facing downward inside the front side walls, which are surrounded by earthen banks. There was the building for the magazine inside the banks, but it was demolished. There is now a stone-made item like a cocking stove instead, but it is not original for the battery. In addition, the banks are partially supported by stone walls which were built to recover them from the damage of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923.

The ruins of the gun powder magazines
The inside of the ruins
These stone walls were built after the earthquake

The ruins of the ammunition chambers are at other sides. The chambers were solidly built with a stone hut and wooden racks deep in the earthen walls. This was because ammunition was the most dangerous item in the battery, which might have caused accidents or explosions. We can now see the stone hut ruins behind earthen mounds around which were added later than when the battery was active, maybe for preservation.

One of the ruins of the ammunition chambers

Ruins of Pier and Barrack

In the flat central part of the battery, there are only the stone foundations of the barrack. The barrack was a simple wooden building with no baths for the warriors to rest in. They would escape from the barrack if a battle happened before it would be burned.

The central part of the battery
The ruins of the battery

The ruins of the pier are at the next corner to the current entrance. Visitors can not enter it, but only see it from the inside. The concreted part was worked in the later period, which might have been used when the park was developed.

The ruins of the pier
You can’t enter the pier

There are also remaining earthen walls in front of the pier, which is called “Ichimonji-tsutsumi” (meaning the bank like the Chinese letter for one which is a horizontal line). This structure was made to ensure visitors could not see inside and the defenders could protect the battery from enemies’ attacks from the tier as the original entrance.

The remaining earthen walls called Ichimonji-tsutsumi

My Impression

I think the ruins of Shinagawa Batteries are very useful for telling people about what happened in the past. Visual historical items are significantly better than only records or explanation boards. The waterfront area of Tokyo has been very important for the economy of the whole country. All the batteries ruins could have been removed. The decision of Tokyo Metropolitan which owns the ruins was so great. Now, just one thing, I would like the government to replace the imitation of gun platforms at the site with realistic replicas to make visitors better understand what the battery would have looked like.

The two imitations of gun platforms on the No.3 Battery

That’s all. Thank you.
Back to “Shinagawa Batteries Part1”
Back to “Shinagawa Batteries Part2”

124.品川台場 その3

品川台場跡は、人々に過去にどんなことが起こったのかを知らしめるとても有機義な史跡だと思います。目に見える史跡というのは、ただ記録が残っているとか説明板があるだけよりも、明らかに優れています。

特徴、見どころ

三番台場跡を見学

台場公園、すなわち三番台場跡は、海岸とは通路によってつながっています。この道は、公園ができたときに付け加えられたと思われます。台場自体はもともと海の孤島だったわけです。台場に近づくにつれ、跳ね出しとい独特の仕組みを持った石垣が見えてきます。跳ね出しとは、最上段の石が全て張り出していて、敵がよじ登ってくるのを防ぐ仕組みです。ヨーロッパの城郭を模倣したものです。跳ね出しが見られる日本の城は稀で、他には江戸時代末に築かれたか改修された、五稜郭龍岡城人吉城のみで見ることができます。実は、この入口付近が唯一跳ね出しをすぐ近くで見ることができる場所です。他の場所では、石垣に近づくことが禁止されているからです。

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模擬砲座
Leaflet|国土地理院
三番台場周辺の航空写真

台場公園への通路
三番台場の跳ね出し石垣
他の場所では石垣に近づくことができません
五稜郭の跳ね出し石垣

台場本体へは、船に乗るようにステップを登って入っていきます。次に見えてくるのは台場の近景です。台場は一辺が160mある大きな方形で、外周部分が中心部分より高くなっています。ただ、現存している遺物がほとんどないので、歴史の知識なしで訪れた場合には、史跡であると気が付かない人もいるかもしれません。入口から土塁で固められた外周部分を歩いていくと、周りの景色が素晴らしいです。左側にはお台場海浜公園、右側にはレインボーブリッジや6番台場、そして前方には東京湾が見えます。

階段を使って台場に上がります
台場の近景
外周の上を歩いていけます
正面の東京湾
右側の六番台場とレインボーブリッジ

砲台に関する遺跡

入口とは反対側の外周部分の土塁上には、2基の模擬砲座があります。しかし歴史家によると、これらは正確に再現されておらず、レプリカとも言えないとのことです。それに加えて、かつては大砲群の前方に、長大な土の防護壁(「胸牆(きょうしょう)」と呼ばれます)が設置されていましたが、崩れてしまったようです。また、それぞれの大砲の間には土造りの側壁もありましたが、台場が廃止となった後に撤去されました。大砲が並んでいたこの面は、敵に対峙する真正面だったのです。

2基の模擬砲座
周りにあった防護壁は残っていません

正面側土塁の下方内側に向き合うように、火薬庫の跡があります。土造りの堤によって囲まれています。堤の内側に、火薬庫がありましたが撤去され、今ではその代わりに竈のような石造りのものがあります。これは元から台場にあったものではないそうです。更には、堤は一部石垣によって支えられていますが、これは1923年の関東大震災の被害から復旧する際に、築かれたものです。

火薬庫跡
火薬庫跡の内部
土堤の石垣は後世の補修により築かれました

また、弾薬庫の跡が複数箇所にあります。弾薬は台場においては最も注意を要する危険物で、爆発事故を起こしかねないため、倉庫は厳重に作られ、外周の土塁の内部に石室と木枠が設置されました。現在は土盛りの背後に石室が見えるのですが、この土盛りは保存のためなのでしょうが、後の時代に作られたようです。

弾薬庫跡

陣屋と船着き場の跡

台場の平らな中心部分には、陣屋の礎石跡が並んでいるだけです。陣屋は簡易な木造作りで風呂もなく、武士たちが休憩、寝泊りするだけのものでした。戦いが起こったときには、燃えてしまう前にそこから避難する必要があったでしょう。

台場の中心部
陣屋跡

船着き場の跡は、現在の入口からとなりの角部分にあります。ビジターは立ち入ることができず、内側の方から見物するのみです。コンクリートで固められた部分がありますが、これも後の時代の産物で、公園にするときに使われたものでしょうか。

船着き場跡
船着き場には立ち入りできません

この船着き場の手前には、これまで紹介したものとはまた違った土塁があり、「一文字堤(いちもんじつつみ)」と呼ばれています。これは、船着き場がかつては台場の入口であったために、当時のビジターから容易に中を見られないよう、また船着き場から攻撃してくる敵を防ぐために設けられました。

船着き場前の一文字堤

私の感想

品川台場跡は、人々に過去にどんなことが起こったのかを知らしめるとても有機義な史跡だと思います。目に見える史跡というのは、ただ記録が残っているとか説明板があるだけよりも、明らかに優れています。東京のウォーターフロントエリアは、日本全国の経済にとってとても重要な地域です。全ての台場跡が撤去されても仕方がない状況でした。台場の持ち主であった東京都の決定(2つの台場を残す)は英断であったと思います。現時点において、1点だけお願いしたいのは、現地にある模擬の台座を、本物に近いレプリカに交換していただきたいです。そうすれば、ビジターが台場の過去の姿を理解するのに大いに役立つのではないでしょうか。

三番台場にある模擬砲座

リンク、参考情報

台場の歴史、お台場海浜公園&台場公園、海上公園なび、東京港埠頭株式会社
・「お台場 品川台場の設計・構造・機能/淺川道夫著」錦正社
・「歴史群像146号、図解 品川台場」学研

これで終わります。ありがとうございました。
「品川台場その1」に戻ります。
「品川台場その2」に戻ります。

今回の内容を趣向を変えて、Youtube にも投稿しました。よろしかったらご覧ください。

124.Shinagawa Batteries Part2

The battery is basically a flat structure to avoid being targeted from enemies’ guns and cannons, so visitors can not easily recognize its whole view. That’s why I recommend seeing the bird’s eye view before or after your visitation.

Later History

The later lives of the Shinagawa batteries have been mixed.
The No.1 and 5 Batteries have been engulfed by landfills.
The No.2 and No.7 (which was left because of the canceled construction) have been removed due to the convenience of transportation.
The No.4 (same as No.7) was sold to the private sector before being used for the ground of a dock. The ground has finally become a redevelopmental area of the waterfront, called Tennoz Isle. The remaining stone walls of the No.4 Battery can be seen as the base of its boardwalk.
The No.3 and No.6 are the last remaining historical sites. They were designated as a National Historic Site in 1926 and the No.3 Battery was opened as the Daiba Park in 1928.

Shinagawa Batteries drawn in a Ukiyoe-painting called the illustration of a steam locomotive at the seaside below Yatsuyama Mountain in Tokyo, attributed to Hiroshige Utagawa the third, in the Meiji Era, exhibited by Tokyo Metropolitan Library, The No.2 Battery was used as a lighthouse

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No.3
Leaflet|国土地理院
The aerial photo around the batteries around 1945 to 1950

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No.3
Leaflet|国土地理院
The aerial photo around the batteries around 1975

The Tennoz Isle
The boardwalk of Tennoz Isle
The stone walls of the No.4 Battery support the boardwalk

How to get There

Currently, there are two remaining batteries, No.3 and No.6 out of the five completed ones as mentioned above. In addition, only the ruins of the No.3 Battery are open to the public as a park. If you want to visit the No.3 battery ruins, which has now become Daiba Park, it takes about 10 minutes on foot from Odaibakaihinkoen Station on the Yurikamome line.

Odaibakaihinkoen Station

Walking from Tamachi Station

However, in order to look over the whole view of the two ruins (No.3 and No.6), try this route.
Get out of the train at Tamachi station on the JR Yamanote Line. Exit from the east entrance of the station. Go along Nagisa street for the time being. You can see the Rainbow Bridge which has promenades on both sides (north and south).

The east entrance of Tamachi Station
The Nagisa street
Going along the street
You can see the Rainbow Bridge

Get in the Shibaura entrance of the bridge and go up using the elevator. Select the south route to see the ruins to the south. If you go straight through the promenade, you will first see the whole view of the No.6 Battery.

The Shibaura entrance of the bridge
The entrance to the promenade
In the elevator
The south route

No.6 Battery like Birds’ Paradise

The battery is still isolated in the Tokyo Bay, being left as it has been to keep its original condition as much as possible though the canons and relative facilities were already removed. That’s why it looks as if it was during the first sight. However, if you look at it carefully, it is all covered with trees with uncountable number of birds gathering. According to a historian who visited it with permission from the government, it smells very bad and some structures collapsed naturally. It might have just become the birds’ paradise, so we may need to re-consider how to preserve it.

Getting close to the No.6 Battery
The No.6 Battery
birds are gathering among the trees
Passing by the No.6 Battery

Great View of No.3 Battery

When the promenade goes down with moderate slope, you will be near the park and the view of the No.3 Battery is becoming bigger and bigger. At this point, you will be facing the pier of the battery, it is the biggest one and extremely amazing! It is really a bird’s eye view. It also looks very much better than the No.6 in my opinion. The battery is basically a flat structure to avoid being targeted from enemies’ guns and cannons, so visitors can not easily recognize its whole view. That’s why I recommend seeing the bird’s eye view before or after your visitation.

Getting close to the No.3 Battery
The great view of the No.3 Battery right in front
The signpost of the Shinagawa Batteries at the edge
The stone walls surrounding the battery

To be continued in “Shinagawa Batteries Part3”
Back to “Shinagawa Batteries Part1”

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