155.Akagi Castle Part3

What was the most important value of this castle?

Features

Long narrow Western Ridge with Tiered Stone Walls

Consider visiting the western ridge as well. It has four tiered enclosures, which are also surrounded by stone walls, on the long narrow ridge. It had buildings including a warehouse. It doesn’t have a complex route like the eastern ridge, but the sides of it are artificially cut vertically to prevent enemies from attacking easily. If you look up the tiered stone walls to the Main Enclosure, they look so impressive.

The aerial photo around the castle

The western ridge seen from the Main Enclosure
Looking up the Main Enclosure from the western ridge
The stone walls of the Western Enclosure I
The stone foundations in the Western Enclosure II (Building ruins)
The tiered stone walls

You can also climb down from the edge of it to the valley between the eastern and western ridges, called the Southern Enclosures. It is thought to be used for living quarters as the remains of cooking stoves were found there, and it seems like an obvious location because of the convenience of access.

The edge of the western ridge
The Southern Enclosures seen from above (The Southern Enclosure II in the center)
The Southern Enclosures (The Southern Enclosure III in the front)

Later History

After Akagi Castle was abandoned, many of its stone walls collapsed. This was because some of them were destroyed by the final occupants of the castle to show the castle could be no longer used, and others collapsed naturally over long periods of time. The ruins also got overgrown with trees and bushes. However, since they were designated as a National Historic Site in 1989, Kumano City researched and restored the ruins mainly by re-piling and repairing the stone walls, finishing 2004. For example, they reused the original stones as much as possible, but in the parts where that was not possible, they built new stone walls like the original, indicating with signs that this was not original structure.

The Eastern Enclosure before the restoring, form the signboard at the site
The stone walls of the Eastern Enclosure II after the restoring

The ruins have recently become popular as they sometimes look like a Castle in the Sky above the clouds in certain weather conditions.

The image of the Castle in the Sky, form the signboard at the site

My Impression

Of the ten or so of Takatora Todo’s great works I think this is the first of them to be built. He was in an area which was still surrounded by possible enemies who were heavily armed. I also think when he built the castle, he considered how to protect himself and his soldiers during the construction even if they were attacked by guns. The layout of the castle seems to protect the center from direct gunfire. I believe one of the most important values of the castle was that Takatora achieved this combining the original conditions at the site such as natural terrain and current technologies like building stone walls.

The entrance of the Main Enclosure

How to get There

If you want to visit the castle ruins by car, it is about 40 minutes from Kumano-Odomari IC on the Kumano-Owase Road. There is a parking lot below the eastern ridge of the castle.
By public transportation, it would be better to use a rental car from Kumanoshi Station or Shingu Station on the JR Kisei Line as there are few or no buses for the site from these stations.
To get to these stations from Tokyo: Take the Tokaido Shinkansen super express, transfer to the Nanki limited express at Nagoya Station.

The parking lot
The castle ruins seen from the parking lot

That’s all. Thank you.
Back to “Akagi Castle Part1”
Back to “Akagi Castle Part2”

155.赤木城 その3

この城の真の価値とは何でしょうか?

特徴、見どころ

細長く、段状になっている西峰

西側の峰もチェックしてみましょう。細長い峰上に、4段になった曲輪群があり、これらも石垣に囲まれています(上方にある西郭1と西郭2のものが目立っています)。この場所には倉庫などの建物がありました。ここには東峰のような複雑なルートは設定されていませんが、峰の両側は人工的に垂直に削られていて、敵が簡単に攻められないようになっていました。本丸に向かって階段状になっている石垣を見上げてみると、なかなかの壮観です。

城周辺の航空写真

本丸から見た西峰
西峰から本丸を見上げる
西郭1の石垣
西郭2にある礎石(建物跡)
段状に築かれた石垣

西峰の端からは、東峰と西峰の間にある谷の方に降りていくことができます。その場所は南郭群となります。そこではかまど跡などが見つかっており、生活の場であったと考えられています。この場所は明らかに交通の便がよい位置にあることも理由の一つです。

西峰の端部分
上方から見た南郭群(中央は南郭2)
南郭群(手前が南郭3)

その後

赤木城が廃城となった後、多くの石垣は崩れていきました。その理由は、最後の城主によりこの城を以降使わないことを示すため意図的に破壊されたことと、その後長い期間に自然に崩れたことが挙げられます。また、城跡は草木により覆われていきました。しかし、1989年に城跡が国の史跡に指定されてからは、熊野市は主に石垣を積み直したり補修することにより、城跡の調査復元を行い、2004年に完了しました。そのやり方は、極力オリジナルの石を使いながらも、それが不可能な部分はオリジナルに近い外観の新しい石で補いました。但し、その部分は目印を付け、オリジナルでないとわかるようにしてあります(オリジナルの石の上に鉄板を入れ、補った石の裏に補修年を記入しています)。

復元前の東郭、現地説明板より
復元後の東郭2の石垣

最近この城跡は、気象条件によっては雲の上に天空の城のように見えるということで、有名になってきています。

天空の城のイメージ、現地説明板より

私の感想

10箇所を超えるとも言われる藤堂高虎が築いた素晴らしい城のうち、赤木城は最初の時期のものです。彼がその当時いた場所は、重武装した敵になるかもしれない者たちに囲まれていました。彼はこの城を築いているとき、もし鉄砲により攻撃されたとしても、どうやったら彼と兵士たちを守ることができるか一生懸命考えたのではないでしょうか。この城の縄張りは、城の中心部が直接鉄砲により攻撃されないよう配慮されているように見えます。この城の最も重要な価値の一つは、高虎が元からあった地形などの場所の性質と、石垣作りなどの最新の技術を組み合わせたところにあると思います。

本丸虎口

ここに行くには

車で行く場合:熊野尾鷲道路の熊野大泊ICから約40分かかります。城の東峰下にある駐車場に停めることができます。
公共交通機関を使う場合は、JR紀勢本線の熊野市駅か新宮駅からレンタカーを借りた方がよいと思います。駅からのバスが少ないか、ない状況だからです。
東京からどちらかの駅まで:東海道新幹線に乗って、名古屋駅で特急南紀号に乗り換えてください。

駐車場
駐車場から見た城跡

リンク、参考情報

赤木城、熊野市
・「築城の名手 藤堂高虎/福井健二著」戒光祥出版
・「日本の城改訂版第150号」デアゴスティーニジャパン

これで終わります。ありがとうございました。
「赤木城その1」に戻ります。
「赤木城その2」に戻ります。

155.Akagi Castle Part2

A mountain castle with a strategical defense system

Features

Well maintained Castle Ruins

Today, the ruins of Akagi Castle have been developed and maintained as a historical site by Kumano City. The city is also known for its wooden materials such as Kumano Cedar. The area around the castle produced metals like gold, silver, bronze, and iron in the past. The castle could control the roads which were used to carry these materials. People who visit the ruins by car usually start their walk from the parking lot below the eastern ridge. The ruins don’t have any standing buildings but its stone walls remain in good condition.

Around the parking lot below the eastern ridge
The starting point to the eastern ridge

Eastern ridge as Front of Castle

The ridge is thought to be the front of the castle because it had the most strategical defense system in the castle. You can even now see how it was protected. If you climb the path through the Metalsmith Residences Ruins, it turns left and gets steep between the two enclosures surrounded by stone walls on the ridge.

The route from the eastern ridge to the Main Enclosure (the red arrow), using the signboard at the site
The Metalsmith Residences Ruins
The path turns left

This is a defensive point where the first gate was built to protect the castle.

The ruins of the first gate
The stone walls of the Eastern Enclosures
The gate ruins seen from above the stone walls

Then, the path turns right to climb the ridge, it turns right again to enter the entrance of the Main Enclosure on its stone walls. However, visitors had to use the ladder to enter it, whereas now you can enter it using the wooden steps added in recent times.

Climbing the ridge
The wooden steps towards the Main Enclosure
The wooden steps seen from above

You will also need to turn three times to finally reach the square defensive gate of the enclosure, called Masugata. This uses the highest and greatest stone walls as the final gate of the castle.

The stone walls in front of the Main Enclosure could be an obstruction
The stone walls of the Main Enclosure Entrance
The entrance seen from behinde

Elaborately built Stone Walls surround Main Enclosure

The inside of the Main Enclosure is only a square now, but it had the largest buildings in the castle based on the stone foundations found by the excavation. You can see a view of the surrounding settlements just as the castle lord used to do.

The inside of the Main Enclosure
A view from the Main Enclosure

You can also walk around the outside of the enclosure. You will see how its stone walls were curved elaborately to allow the defenders to make a counter-attacks to the side.

The stone walls of the Main Enclosure
part of the stone walls was curved elaborately

The single enclosure on the northern ridge, directly connected to the Main Enclosure, only partly used stone walls by because it was the back of the castle. However, it was protected by a ditch in front of it.

The Northern Enclosure seen from the Mian Enclosure

The aerial photo around the castle

To be continued in “Akagi Castle Part3”
Back to “Akagi Castle Part1”