112.Kasama Castle Part3

Due to the damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake back in 2011, it is prohibited to enter the top of the ruins as of November 2023. The city is considering how to repair it to open it to the public again.

Features

Main and Main Tower Enclosures as Center of Castle

The Main Enclosure is an empty space now, where the Main Hall was built in the past. Instead, long and high earthen walls at the southwestern side stands out, which are called Hachiman-dai(base). There was Hachiman-dai Turret on it as a lookout tower or a warehouse. The turret was moved to Shinjoji Temple at the foot after the castle was abandoned, which is consider the only remaining building of the castle. The view from the base or the enclosure is not so good because of the trees surrounding, but you can see the mountains or hills around.

The map of the main portion of the castle

The inside of the Main Enclosure
The Hachiman-dai Base
The top of the base
The ruins of the Hachiman-dai Turret
The turret was moved from the original position to the temple

The final place of the castle is the Main Tower Enclosure on the top over the edge of the earthen wall base to the northeast. You can go on the narrow earthen bridge over the ditch in front of the enclosure and reach the foot of the three-tier stone walls of it. The original Main Tower, which had been built on it, was replaced with the Sashino Shrine building during the Meiji Era. It was said that the waste materials of the tower were used for the construction of the shrine. The stone walls seem to partially use large natural rocks, which look rough and wild. However, visitors are unfortunately not allowed to climb the walls to see the top because the walls might collapse as of November 2023. You can only see a glimpse of the shrine building on the stone walls from the foot.

The earthen bridge in front of the Main Tower Enclosure
Going to the enclosure
The stone walls of the enclosure partially collapsed
You can not enter from here
The glimpse of the shrine building

Returning to Foot by taking another route

You can return to the parking lot at the foot of the mountain going the same way as you took, but there is another route you can try as well but it’s challenging. You can take a trail on the ridge over the earthen wall base opposite the Main Tower Enclosure. The ridge was a defensive point of the castle, where another turret, called Anagasaki Yagura, was built. If you climb down on the trail for a while, the return route goes the bottom of a deep dry moat. This is part of the outer dry moat surrounding the whole castle area, which Satonari Gamo built. You can feel how large it was by walking through it.

The map around the castle

The Hachiman-dai Base
The ruins of the Anagasaki Turret
Climbing down other entrance ruins
Looking back at the ruins
Here comes the outer dry moats
The trail meets the dry moats
The inside of the dry moats

You will finally arrive at the ruins of the suburban residences at the foot, which Naganao Asano built. They have become the Sashiro Sanroku(foot of the mountain) Park which has the Bell Tower including an old bell made at the end of the Edo Period. The parking lot as is your starting point just below the park.

The ruins of the suburban residences (Sashiro Sanroku Park)
The Bell Tower
You can see the parking lot at the foot below

Later History

After the Meiji Restoration, Kasama Castle was abandoned and all the castle buildings were demolished or moved like the Hachiman-dai Turret. The mountain area became part of Kasama Prefectural Natural Park and the foot area became the Sashiro Sanroku Park. Kasama City has been researching the castle ruins since 2013 to preserve and to be designated as a national or other historical site in the near future. However, due to the damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake back in 2011, it is prohibited to enter the top of the ruins. The city is also considering how to repair it to open it to the public again.

The current Hachiman-dai Turret
It looks like just being placed on the newer base

My Impression

There are many attractions of Kasama Castle and the city. In my cases, once I visited and learned about the castle, I wanted to go there again to try seeing what I had missed or other ways to visit. When I first visited the ruins, I got to the great stone walls on top but they partially collapsed. In my recent visit, they were finally covered with sheets and kept out for visitors. I was very sorry about it and hope it will be repaired to open to the public soon.

The Main Tower Enclosure as of 2019
The Sashino Shrine building on the enclosure as of 2019

How to get There

If you want to visit the castle ruins by car, it is about a 20-minute drive away from Tomobe IC on the Kitakanto Expressway.
There are parking lots at foot and the mid slope of the mountain as mentioned above.
By public transportation, you can take the sightseeing tour bus from JR Tomobe Station and get off at the Nichido-bijutsukan bus stop near the park.
From Tokyo to Tomobe Station: take the Tokiwa limited express from Tokyo or Ueno Stations.

That’s all. Thank you.
Back to “Kasama Castle Part1”
Back to “Kasama Castle Part2”

112.笠間城 その3

2011年に起こった東日本大震災による損傷のため、2023年11月時点で城跡の頂上部分に立ち入ることができません。笠間市はどうやってその部分を修復し再び公開できるか検討を行っています。

特徴、見どころ

城の中心部、本丸と天守曲輪

本丸は今は空き地となっていますが、かつては御殿が建てられていました。その代わりに南西方向に長大な土塁があり、とても目立っています。八幡台と呼ばれています。その上には、物見台または倉庫として八幡台櫓が立っていました。その櫓は、城が廃された後、麓にある真浄寺(しんしょうじ)に移されて、城では唯一の現存建物とされています。

城中心部の地図

本丸内部
八幡台
八幡台の上
八幡台櫓跡
真正寺に移築された八幡台櫓

城の最後の詰めの場所として、八幡台の北東側の端の向こうにある頂上に、天守曲輪があります。曲輪の手前にある堀切にかかる細い土橋を渡っていきます。そして、曲輪を構成する三段の石垣の足下に着きます。元あった天守はその上に築かれていましたが、明治時代に佐志能神社(さしのうじんじゃ)の建物に置き替えられました。天守の廃材が神社建設の資材として使われたと言われています。石垣は部分的に大きな自然石を使っているようで、荒々しく且つ野性的に見えます。しかし残念なことに、2023年11月時点でビジターは石垣を登って頂上までは行くことができません。石垣が崩壊する恐れがあるからです。石垣の麓からその上に建つ神社をちらりと見ることができるのみです。

天守曲輪前の土橋
天守曲輪に向かいます
石垣の一部が崩れているようです
ここから立ち入り禁止です
神社の建物が少しだけ見えます

別の道を通って佐白山麓公園へ

山麓の駐車場へは、元来た道を戻ることもできますが、帰りは別ルートに挑戦してみることもできます。天守曲輪とは反対側の八幡台の向こう側に、峰上を通る山道があります。この峰は城の防衛拠点になっていて、別の櫓(穴ヶ崎櫓)も建てられていました。しばらくその山道を下っていくと、道は深い空堀の底を通ります。これは、蒲生郷成が築いた城全域を囲む外郭空堀の一部なのです。この場所を歩いてみることでその大きさを実感できます。

城周辺の地図

八幡台
穴ヶ崎櫓跡
虎口らしき所を下ります
その場所を反対側から撮った写真
空堀が見えてきました
山道は空堀に合流します
空堀の中

最後は山麓にある浅野長直が築いた下屋敷跡に到着します。屋敷跡は今では佐白山麓公園になっています。ここには時鐘楼があって、江戸時代末期に作られた古い鐘が収められています(建物自体は新しく、自動的に鐘を撞いています)。出発地点の駐車場は、公園のすぐ下にあります。

下屋敷跡(佐白山麓公園)
時鐘楼
山麓駐車場が下に見えます

その後

明治維新後、笠間城は廃城となり、全ての城の建物は撤去されるか、八幡台櫓のように移築されました。山上の区域は笠間県立自然公園となり、山麓の区域は佐白山麓公園となりました。笠間市は2013年以来、城跡の調査を続けており、保存を進め、且つ近い将来に国の史跡かそれに準ずるものに指定されることを目指しています。しかし、2011年に起こった東日本大震災による損傷のため、城跡の頂上部分に立ち入ることができません。笠間市はどうやってその部分を修復し再び公開できるか検討も行っています。

真浄寺に移設された八幡台櫓
持ってきてそのまま置いただけのように見えます

私の感想

笠間城や笠間市には多くの見どころがあります。私の場合は、一回行った後に城のことを学んでみると、見逃した場所や他の行き方を試すためにまた訪れたくなりました。最初にこの城跡に行ったときは、頂上の石垣のところまで立ち入ることができましたが(2011年以後でしたが)、石垣の一部は崩れていました。最近行ったときには、シートに覆われていて立ち入り禁止となっていました。とても残念に思いましたが、一日も早く修復され見学できるようになることを願っています。

2019年時点の天守曲輪
2019年時点の天守曲輪上の佐志能神社

ここに行くには

車で行く場合:北関東自動車道の友部ICから約20分かかりまsj。
既にご案内の通り、山麓と中腹に駐車場があります。
公共交通機関を使う場合は、JR友部駅から観光ツアーバスに乗って、日動美術館バス停で降りてください。
東京から友部駅まで:東京駅か上野駅で特急ときわ号に乗ってください。

リンク、参考情報

笠間城跡、笠間市公式ホームページ
笠間城について、かさま歴史交流館井筒屋公式HP
・「かさま歴史ブックレット2 笠間時朝とは何者か?」笠間市教育委員会
・「歴史群像113号、戦国の城 常陸笠間城」学研
・「よみがえる日本の城15」学研
・「日本の城改訂版第26号」デアゴスティーニジャパン

これで終わります。ありがとうございました。
「笠間城その1」に戻ります。
「笠間城その2」に戻ります。

112.Kasama Castle Part2

Today, the ruins of Kasama Castle have been convenient for both drivers and hikers. For example, if you drive to the ruins, you can choose either parking at the foot of the mountain before a long walk or parking at the mid slope near the top.

Features

Walking from Foot is recommended

Today, the ruins of Kasama Castle have been convenient for both drivers and hikers. For example, if you drive to the ruins, you can choose either parking at the foot of the mountain before a long walk or parking at the mid slope near the top. However, if you have enough time to visit there, it may be better to take the former route because there are many more attractions of the castle widely spread throughout.

The map around the castle

Therefore, let us start from the parking lot at the foot to reach the top via the forest road to the mid slope for visiting the ruins by walk mentioned earlier in this article. Please be careful of the many cars that might pass your side. There are several hills around the castle ruins, so you will go on the winding road among the hills. The road eventually turns right at a right angle, which is the entrance to the castle ruins. In addition, if you go straight passing though the spot on the narrow path, you will get to the ruins of the northern gateway called Sakao-no-dorui (meaning the earthen walls of Sakao).

The parking lot at the foot of the mountain
The forest road to the castle ruins
If you turn right, you will get to the castle ruins, or you will be at the earthen walls of Sakao if you go straight
The earthen walls of Sakao

Looking at Mysterious Huge Rock and Outer Dry Moats

Going back to the forest road to the castle, you will see a huge rock which partially blocks the road on the left. It is called Daikokuseki (meaning the Rock of Mahakala) which has an interesting folklore as the following. When Shofukuji Temple fought against Tokuzoji Temple but was outnumbered and was at disadvantage, the huge rock near the top suddenly collapsed. The rock crushed the monk soldiers of Tokuzoji side on the narrow path, which resulted in their withdrawal. Since then, the rock has been called the Rock of Mahakala because it looks like the sack Mahalaka has and brought a fortune to the Shofukuji side which was located on the mountain (Mahalaka is the god of wealth in Japan).

Getting close to the rock
Be careful when you pass through the rock

You will next see a large ditch on the left, which is part of the outer dry moats surrounding the whole castle area. That means this is where the entrance of the castle is. You will then walk on the road with a hill on the left and another hill over the valley on the right. They are all the ruins of the forts, so if you were an enemy, you would be attacked from both sides.

The Outer Dry Moats
There was a fort on the hill on the left of the road
There was another fort on the right of the road across the valley

Sennin-Damari Enclosure and One Hundred Quarters Ruins at Mid Slope

You will eventually turn right and go across an earthen bridge over the valley before arriving at the parking lot at the mid slope. It was actually a large enclosure called Sennin-Damari (meaning Accommodating Ten Thousand Soldiers), which was probably used as a military post or barracks.

If you turn right, you will get to Sennin-Damari Enclosure, and there are the ruins of the One Hundred Quarters on the left
The Sennin-Damari Enclosure, seen from the ruins of the One Hundred Quarters
The Sennin-Damari Enclosure (the parking lot at mid slope)

There is also the ruin of the One Hundred Quarters of Shofukuji Temple opposite the enclosure across the forest road, where the temple prospered. However, there are no buildings and structures, but only the signboard and leveled ground with few graves, so it may look like another ruins of the castle’s fort.

The ruin of the One Hundred Quarters
There are few graves remaining

From Main Gate to Main Enclosure

All visitors have to walk from the Sennin-Damari Enclosure to the center after passing a gate built by alternating stone walls. However, you can easily go on the restricted road to the top beside some castle items such as the Main Gate Ruins and partially remaining stone walls.

Every visitor has to walk from the Sennin-Damari Enclosure
The ruins of the Main Gate
You can easily get to the Main Enclosure along the restricted road
The remaining stone walls on the way

You actually have another option to get to the top by walking on a rough path through the original gates. You can first take the stone steps of the Main Gate and pass its Masugata system. Then, you will once meet the restricted road, but you can find other stone steps to the path on the right.

The map around the castle, the red broken line indicates the route through the original gates

Climbing the stone steps of the Main Gate
You will once meet the restricted road
You will find other stone steps to the path on the right

If you go on the path crossing the slope, you will pass beside the Second Enclosure and reach the ruins of the Main Enclosure Gate which are similar to the Main Gate. No matter which way you choose, you will arrive at the same place, the Main Enclosure.

Going on the path crossing the slope
There is the Main Enclosure ahead and the Second Enclosure on the right
Arriving at the ruins of the Main Enclosure Gate
The Masugata system of the Main Enclosure Gate remains maybe better than the Main Gate
In the miniature model of Kasama Castle, the gate in the red circle is the Main Gate and that in the blue circle is the Main Enclosure Gate, I think

To be continued in “Kasama Castle Part3”
Back to “Kasama Castle Part1”