2021年8月 – ページ 4 – 日本200名城バイリンガル (Japan's top 200 castles and ruins)

58.Akashi Castle Part2

The castle with a defensive system that is still obvious

Features

You can see Castle from Station

If you visit the ruins of Akashi Castle by train, you will see evidence of what was a very sturdy castle from your first step on the platform of Akashi Station. You will see the two remaining three-story turrets called Hitsujisaru Turret (on the left) and Tatsumi Turret (on the right) connected by the plaster wall on the hill. How wonderful they are!

The castle that can be seen from the platform of Akashi Station

The aerial photo around the castle

Around the Main Gate

The ruins of the castle have been developed as part of Akashi Park, inclusive of the inside of the Middle Moat. The front entrance of the park was the Main Gate of the castle. Its stone walls remain forming the square space inside called “Masugata”. The plain area is used as a relaxing zone and facilities such as the stadium which was once the Main Hall for the lord.

Defense to protect Main Enclosure

Hitsujisaru Turret of the Main Enclosure stands on the high stone walls in front of you. You can walk up on the stairways towards the turret and reach under the turret and the stone wall base for the Main Tower. However, you can’t enter the enclosure directly. You have to enter it from the back side by going through the Inari Enclosure under it. Enemies would be counterattacked from the Main Enclosure before reaching it.

The blocking stone wall base for the Main Tower

The entrance of the Main Enclosure at the back side

Inside of Main Enclosure

Inside the Main Enclosure, you can see the two remaining turrets close by. They are two out of the twelve remaining three-story turrets in the castles of Japan. The plaster wall between the turrets was restored recently. You can also see a great city view from the observation platform at the middle of the wall. The Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge can also be seen over Tatsumi Turret.

Second and East Enclosures to support Main Enclosure

The Second Enclosure is the other connecting point to the Main Enclosure. It now has no buildings, but its stone walls and its entrance surrounded by the walls remain in good condition. You can see the good looking Tatsumi Turret in the Main Enclosure from the Second Enclosure. The East Enclosure is next to the Second Enclosure and another entrance of the park.

The entrance the Main Enclosure from the Second Enclosure

Tatsumi Turret that can be seen from the Second Enclosure

The stone walls and stairways of the Second Enclosure

To be continued in “Akashi Castle Part3”
Back to “Akashi Castle Part1”

58.明石城　その２

今でもその防御力が目に見えてわかる城です。

特徴

駅から見える城

もし電車で明石城を訪れるのでしたら、明石駅のホームに降りたときからこの城がどんなに頑丈であったのか目の当たりにするでしょう。２基の現存している三重櫓、左側の坤（ひつじさる）櫓と右側の巽（たつみ）櫓が丘の上で漆喰塀によるつながっている姿が見えるのです。素晴らしい光景です。

城周辺の航空写真

大手門周辺

城跡は、中堀の内側にある明石公園の一部として整備されてきました。公園の正面入り口は、城の大手門でした。その石垣は残っていて、「桝形」と呼ばれる四角い空間を形作っています。平地部分には散策ゾーンや各種施設があり、球場があったところはかつては城主の御殿が建っていました。

本丸を守る防御力

本丸の坤櫓は目の前の高石垣の上にあります。櫓に向かって階段を登っていき、櫓と天守台石垣の下にたどり着きます。しかしながら、本丸にはそのまま入ることはできません。本丸に入るには、本丸下にある稲荷曲輪を回って、後ろ側に行く必要があるのです。敵方は本丸に行きつく前に反撃を受けることになったでしょう。

本丸の内部

本丸の中では、２基の現存櫓を間近に見ることができます。日本の城では１２基残っている三重櫓のうちの２つなのです。櫓の間にある漆喰塀は最近復元されたものです。塀の中ほどにある展望台からは素晴らしい街の景色が見えます。巽櫓の向こうには、明石海峡大橋も望めます。

本丸をサポートする二の丸、東丸

二の丸は、本丸とつながっています。そこには今は建物はありませんが、石垣と、石垣に囲まれた入口が良好な状態で残っています。二の丸からは、本丸の巽櫓がかっこよく見えます。東曲輪は二の丸のとなりにあり、そこも公園の入口となっています。

「明石城その３」に続きます。
「明石城その１」に戻ります。

58.Akashi Castle Part1

The castle made the Shogunate governance stable.

Location and History

Node of Land and Sea Transportation

Akashi City is located in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture alongside Seto Island Sea. The city is connected to Kinki and Chugoku Regions, as an important point for land transport. The area is also close to Awaji and Shikoku Islands, where people got on board ships to the islands in the past. People can go across the Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge to get to the islands now.

The location of the castle

*The Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge (licensed by Tysto via Wikimedia Commons)*

Castle to monitor Lords in western Japan

In 1615, Tokugawa Shogunate defeated the largest rival, Toyotomi Clan. It also ordered other lords to have no other castles than one castle where they lived (Law of One Castle per Province).
Its governance got stable, but it was never satisfied with that. The Shogun, Hidetada Tokugawa told one of the hereditary feudal lords, Tadazane Ogasawara to build a new castle around the Akashi area.

The portrait of Hidetada Tokugawa, owned by Saifuku-ji Temple (licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons)

The portrait of Tadazane Ogasawara, owned by Fukuju-ji Temple (licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons)

The purpose of the castle was to monitor the non-hereditary feudal lords in western Japan, who would be against the Shogunate. Himeji Castle was already being used for that purpose, but the Shogunate thought it was not enough. The new castle was named “Akashi Castle”. Akashi Castle was built using natural terrain such as the edge of the hill and the plain areas. The hilly area in the north had the main portion of the castle such as the Main Enclosure and the Second Enclosure, which provided much defense. The area originally had a natural pond called Ko-no-ike which was also used as a moat. The plain area in the south had the Main Hall for the lord and the houses for the retainers. The area was guarded by gates such as the Main Gate, and the water moats surrounding the area tripled.

The relief map around the castle

Part of the illustration of Akashi Castle in Harina Province, exhibited by the National Archives of Japan

Castle was built by Rush work

The construction for the castle was rapidly completed within one year in 1619. This was due to the construction using moved buildings and waste materials from abandoned castles by the Law of One Castle per Province. Four three-story turrets were built in each corner of the Main Enclosure. These turrets were connected by the plaster walls which surrounded the enclosure. The large stone wall base for a Main Tower was also built, but the Main Tower itself was never built. The main portion of the castle including the Main Enclosure was covered by the high stone walls.

The two out of the four three-story turrets remain

After the completion of the castle, Tadazane was promoted to be the lord of Kokura Castle in 1632, getting more earnings than when he was at Akashi Castle. For about 50 years after that, several lords governed the castle before the Matsudaira Clan came to the castle in 1682. The clan governed the castle until the end of the Edo Period. No war happened during that time, but they often had to repair the buildings which were not new ones when the castle was first built.

To be continued in “Akashi Castle Part2”