152.Tsu Castle Part2

The castle has become an urban park.

Features

Castle Ruins mainly including Main Enclosure

Today, the ruins of Tsu Castle have been developed as a Castle Park. However, the range of them is limited just including the Main Enclosure, the Western Enclosure as one of the Barbicans, and part of the Inner Moat. The center of the park is like an urban one, not like a historical one, so I will describe the outer block of the park, which still has castle-like items, from one side to the other.

The aerial photo around the castle

The center of the park

Eastern Side

This side was the eastern edge of the Main enclosure, which has the main entrance to the park and an imitation three-story turret built in the present time. It was also one of the original entrances.

The main entrance of the park
The imitation turret beside the entrance
The ruins of the original entrance

The Inner Moat on this side was filled in, used as roads, a parking lot, another park, and a city area. The road directly leading to the entrance may have been traced from a path of the Eastern Enclosure, the other barbican.

The road directly leading to the entrance
The east of the park has become the road

The stone walls of this side remain, but the upper part collapsed, and the lower part is mortared to prevent it from collapsing.

The stone walls of the eastern side
The lower part is mortared

Southern side

This side has stone walls as well, but their condition is better than those of the eastern side. If you look at the stone walls carefully, you will find the joint of the left and right parts. That means the edge of the left part was the corner of the older Main Enclosure when the castle was called Anotsu Castle. The right part was added by Takatora. This also means the left part is older.

The stone walls of the southern side
There is the joint of the older part on the left and the newer part on the right

This side has a small entrance between the stone walls, called Uzume-mon or the Small Back Gate. It had been an entrance to the outside of Anotsu Castle. In Takatora’s period, the Inner Moat was in front of it.

The Small Back Gate
The Small Back Gate seen from the inside, the stone wall base for the Small Main Tower on the right

There is also the stone wall base for the Main Tower at the southwestern corner. The base has two tiers, the upper one for the large Main Tower and the lower one for the small Main Tower. The towers were burned down in the Battle of Anotsu Castle in 1600, and Takatora didn’t rebuild them.

The stone wall base for the Main Tower (the front for the Large Main Tower and the back for the Small Main Tower)
The stone wall base for the Large Main Tower seen from the inside

Western side

This side has the Western Enclosure which is the only remaining Barbican beside the Main Enclosure. You can experience how to enter the Main Enclosure in the past. You can first walk across the earthen bridge over the partly remaining Inner Moat from the south. This bridge was originally made of wood.

The earthen bridge going the Western Enclosure
The Western Enclosure seen from outside the Inner Moat

The entrance of the Western Enclosure is surrounded by altered stone walls, which still looks like the original. You will next turn right and go to the Main Enclosure through a gate called Nyutoku-mon. This gate was originally built for the Tsu Domain school located elsewhere and has been relocated to the present location. The area between the Western and Main Enclosures are connected by a spacy Japanese garden. However, they were originally connected by a thin route, which were strongly protected.

The entrance of the Western Enclosure
The entrance viewed from the inside
The Nyutoku-mon Gate
There was another entrance of the Main Enclosure before the Japanese garden

To be continued in “Tsu Castle Part3”
Back to “Tsu Castle Part1”

152.津城 その2

都市公園として残る城跡

特徴、見どころ

主に本丸が残っている公園

現在、津城跡はお城公園として整備されていますが、その範囲は限られていて、本丸、出丸の一つである西の丸、内堀の一部が含まれています。また、公園の中心部は都市公園のようになっているので、あまり歴史公園という感じはしません。よって今回は、城の雰囲気が残っている公園の外回りの部分を、東西南北の順で説明したいと思います。

城周辺の航空写真

公園の中心部

公園の東側

この辺りは本丸の東端に当たり、現在は公園の正面入口になっていて、その脇に現代になってから模擬の三階櫓が建てられました。もとからあった入口の一つでもあります。

公園の正面入口
入口脇にある模擬櫓
城の入口跡(東鉄門桝形、ひがしくろがねもんますがた)

この側にあった内堀は埋められて道路、駐車場、他の公園施設、そして市街地となっています。公園入口にまっすぐ向かっている道がありますが、もう一つの出丸であった東の丸からつながっていた通路の名残りかもしれません。

公園入口にまっすぐ向かう道
公園の東側は道路などになっています

この側面には石垣が残っていますが、上部は崩れてしまっています。そして、下部は崩落を防ぐためにモルタルで固められています。

東側の石垣
基部は補強されています

公園の南側

こちら側にも石垣がありますが、その状態は東側よりずっと良いようです。よく見てみると、左側と右側のつなぎ目部分があります。これは、左側の端部分が、この城が安濃津城と呼ばれていた時代の古い本丸の角部分に該当していたためです。右側は、高虎によって拡張された部分に当たります。つまり、左側の方が古いということになります。

公園の南側の石垣
古い石垣(左奥)と新しい石垣(右手前)のつなぎ目があります

また、石垣の合間に小さな入口があり、埋門(うずめもん)と呼ばれています。ここも安濃津城時代に城の外につながっていた入口でした。しかし、高虎の時代になってから内堀がその手前に掘られてしまったのです。

埋門
内側から見た埋門、右側は小天守台

また、南西の角部分には天守台石垣があります。この天守台は二段になっていて、上段には大天守が、下段には小天守がありました。これらは1600年の安濃津城の戦いで焼け落ちてしまい、高虎の時代になっても再建されませんでした。

天守台石垣(手前が大天守台、奥が小天守台)
内側から見た大天守台

公園の西側

こちら側には、西の丸があり、本丸の手前に築かれた出丸の内唯一残っているものです。過去にはどのように本丸に入って行ったのか追体験できます。最初に、南側から部分的に残っている内堀にかかる土橋を渡っていきます。この橋はもとは木製でした。

西の丸に渡る土橋
内堀端から見た西の丸

西の丸の入口は、食い違いの石垣で囲まれていて、昔のままのように見えます。そこから右に曲がって、入徳門(にゅうとくもん)を通って本丸に向かいます。この門はもともと津藩の藩校の門として別の場所にあったのですが、公園の施設として現在地に移されたものです。西の丸と本丸の間は、広々とした日本庭園となっていますが、もともとは細い通路でしかつながっていませんでした。防御を厳重にするためです。

西の丸の入口
入口を内側から見ています
入徳門
日本庭園の場所にかつては西鉄門虎口(にしくろがねもんこぐち)がありました

「津城その3」に続きます。
「津城その1」に戻ります。

62.Wakayama Castle Part3

Why did the Main Tower was restored again?

Features

Western and Southern sides of Castle

There are also many other attractions at the western and southern parts of the park. The Sand Enclosure is a large one which was built later than other enclosures, on the natural sand dune at the western side. It has high stone walls which overlook the city roads. The inside of the enclosure was empty from the beginning, maybe because of that, it is now used as a ground and tennis courts.

The map around the castle

The Sand Enclosure
The stone walls of the Sand Enclosure
A view from the top of the stone walls

The Oimawashi-mon Gate is another remaining building of the castle, which is painted red. The reason for the color is said to be for the amulet against the unlucky southwest direction called Ura-kimon.

The Oimawashi-mon Gate

The Akazu-no-mon Gate Ruins are another entrance of the park, which is in front of the Southern Enclosure. Its turret stone wall base is the highest one in the castle, which is about 23m high.

The Akazu-no-mon Gate Ruins
The turret stone wall base

Later History

After the Meiji Restoration, Wakayama Castle was abandoned. The main portion of it was owned by the Japanese Army, followed by Wakayama City, and turned into a park. The park had not only the remaining castle properties but also official facilities like a museum, a library, a school, a fire station, and the City Hall. However, the city has recently been developing it as a historical park by removing the facilities. It aims to restore the scenery of the castle at the end of the Edo Period. In addition, the site has been designated as a National Historic Site since 1931.

The restored Main Gate seen from the Second Enclosure
The long, old stone walls surrounding the central hill

My Impression

I didn’t think Wakayama Castle has so many attractions before my visit. I also noticed the importance of the Main Tower as the center point and symbol of the castle. If the tower was not there, such a large castle could be distracting. That could be the reason why people in Wakayama restored the Main Tower.

The Main Tower seen from the Second Enclosure
The Main Tower seen from the Sand Enclosure
The miniature model of the Main Tower, exhibited by Wakayama castle Museum of History

How to get There

If you want to visit the castle by car, it is about 15 minutes away from Wakayama IC on the Hanwa Expressway. There are several parking lots in or around the park.
By public transportation, It takes about 10 minutes on foot from Wakayamashi Station on the Nankai Railway. Or you can take the Wakayama Bus Route 0 or 25 from JR Wakayama Station and get off at the Wakayamajo-mae bus stop to get there.
To get to Wakayama Station from Tokyo: Take the Tokaido Shinkansen super express and transfer to the Kuroshio limited express at Shin-Osaka Station.
Or it may be a good idea to fly to the Kansai Airport and take the JR train to Wakayama Station or the Nankai Railway to Wakayamashi Station.

The parking lot inside the Akazu-no-mon Gate Ruins
Wakayamashi Station

Links and References

Wakayama Castle, Official Website

That’s all. Thank you.
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