近畿地方～Kinki Region – ページ 28 – 日本200名城バイリンガル (Japan's top 200 castles and ruins)

154.Tamaru Castle Part3

Tamaru Castle shows Nobukatsu’s early way of life

Features

Going to Second Enclosure

The Second Enclosure, the south of the Main Enclosure, also has both stone walls and earthen walls. The earthen walls have the alternating entrance which is very old and thought to be used as the back gate

The map around the castle

The exit of the Main Enclosure to the Second Enclosure

The Main Enclosure on the right, the Second Enclosure on the left, which is partially made of soil.

The stone walls surrounding the Second Enclosure

The Back Gate Rins at the Second Enclosure, which are surrounded by earthen walls

In addition, you can see the private rooms for the lord, called Okushoin, which had been located in the Third Enclosure, and restored near the town hall.

Later History

After the Meiji Restoration, Tamaru Caste was abandoned and all the buildings of the castle were sold or demolished. The ruins have been public owned since 1928 and designated as a Prefectural Historic Site of Mie since 1953. Tamaki Town is researching the ruins to be designated as a National Historic Site in the future.

Shiroyama-Inari Shrine in the Northern Enclosure

My Impression

Before Nobukatsu was fired by Hideyoshi, he owned Owari Province which was originally the Oda Clan’s home base as the lord of the clan. Historians say his rejection to leave the province was the cause for his loss. However, I speculate Hideyoshi would have taken the province away from Nobukatsu no matter what he said like Hideyoshi had done against the Hojo Clan in Odawara Castle. Hideyoshi wanted to provide more territories to his relatives.

After that, Nobukatsu became a monk, changing his way of life. I think he probably stopped being a warrior. In his last territory, Obata, he was not allowed to build a castle for the small territory, contrasted by the large Rakusanen Garden. Tamaru Castle and the garden shows the transition of Nobukatsu’s way of life symbolically.

The stone walls of Main Enclosure seen from the Second Enclosure in Tamaru Castle

The grave of Nobukatsu Oda in Kanra Town, Gunma Prefecture

How to get There

If you want to visit the castle ruins by car, it is about 10 minutes away from Tamaki IC on the Ise Expressway. You can use the parking lot of Tamaki Town Hall.
By public transportation, it takes about 10 minutes on foot from JR Tamaru Station.
To get to Tamaru Station from Tokyo: Take the Tokaido Shinkansen super express, transfer to the Kansai Line at Nagoya Station and transfer to the Kisei Line at Kameyama Station.

That’s all. Thank you.
Back to “Tamaru Castle Part1”
Back to “Tamaru Castle Part2”

154.田丸城　その３

田丸城は信雄の前半生を象徴

特徴、見どころ

二の丸に向かう

二の丸は、本丸の南側にあり、ここも石垣と土塁両方に囲まれています。土塁の部分に食い違いの入口があり、古い時代から搦手門として使われていたようです。

城周辺の地図

他にも、奥書院と呼ばれる城主（久野氏）の居所となった御殿が、もとは三の丸にあったのですが、現在になって町役場の近くに復元されています。

その後

明治維新後、田丸城は廃城となり、城の全ての建物は売却されるか撤去されました。城跡は1928年から公有化され、1953年からは三重県の史跡に指定されています。玉城町は、将来国の史跡に指定されるよう、城跡の調査を行っているところです。

私の感想

信雄が秀吉に改易される前、彼は織田氏の当主として、織田氏がもともと本拠としていた尾張国を領有していました。歴史家は、彼が尾張国から転封となることを断ったがために全てを失ったのだと言っています。しかし私は、秀吉は信雄が何と言おうがその領地を取り上げるつもりであっただろうと推察します。秀吉が、小田原城の北条氏に対して行ったことと同じということです。秀吉は、彼の親族・部下たちにもっと多くの領地を与えたかったのです。

その後信雄は生き方を変え、僧となりました。恐らく彼の中では武士であることを止めたのではないでしょうか。彼の最後の領地である小幡では、領地の大きさの関係から城を築くことは許されませんでした（よって彼の居館は陣屋と呼ばれました）。彼が築いた広大な庭園、楽山園とは対照的です。田丸城と楽山園は、信雄の生き方の変遷をとてもよく表していると思います。

ここに行くには

車で行く場合：伊勢自動車道の玉城ICから約１０分のところにあります。玉城町役場の駐車場を使うことができます。
公共交通機関を使う場合は、ＪＲ田丸駅から歩いて約１０分かかります。
東京から田丸駅まで：東海道新幹線に乗って、名古屋駅で関西本線に乗り換え、亀山駅で紀勢本線に乗り換えてください。

リンク、参考情報

・田丸城跡　見どころ、玉城町
・「英傑の日本史　激闘織田軍団編　織田信雄／井沢元彦著」角川学芸出版
・「織田信雄　狂気の父を敬え／鈴木輝一郎著」人物文庫
・「よみがえる日本の城１６」学研
・「日本の城改訂版第２６、３０号」デアゴスティーニジャパン

これで終わります。ありがとうございました。
「田丸城その１」に戻ります。
「田丸城その２」に戻ります。

154.Tamaru Castle Part2

Castle ruins coming from several periods

Features

Going through Main and Second Gates

Today, the ruins of Tamaru Castle have been maintained by Tamaki Town and still located in the center of the town. The ruins of the Main Gate behind the remaining Outer Moat are also the entrance of the ruins and the town hall. The route on the entrance is paved and straight, not like the originally bent road, probably because of convenience for cars. If you drive to the ruins, you can use the parking lot of the hall.

The map around the castle

The Outer Moat in front of the Main Gate Ruins

The paved road goes up to the hill passing through the Second Gate Ruins surrounded by stone walls and the partially remaining Inner Moat. The route is still bent similar to the original one. Next comes the Third Enclosure in the past, however, the present route goes around it which is used as a school. You can see one of the few remaining buildings of the castle, the Fujimi-mon Gate, which had been sold, but moved to the present position, not like in the original one, on the way.

The Third Enclosure Ruins which is used as a school

the Fujimi-mon Gate which was moved to the present position

You can enjoy both Earthen and Stone Walls at Northern Enclosure

You can go directly to the Main Enclosure along the way but you should consider going the separate promenade around the Northern Enclosure. This is because you will be able to feel the long history of the castle when you see it. It is surrounded by old stone walls, and earthen walls outside. Earthen walls were commonly used in the Middle Ages before stone walls were used, so the earthen walls might have been built in the early stage of the castle.

The entrance of the promenade around the Northern Enclosure

The earthen walls of the Northern Enclosure outside

The stone walls also look like those of Azuchi Castle, one of the earliest examples of stone walls for castles, which Nobukatsu’s father, Nobunaga built. You might think the stone walls were built by Nobukatsu, but historians point out most of the castle’s stone walls were built by the Inaba Clan.

The stone walls of the Northern Enclosure

The combination of stone and earthen walls of the Northen Enclosure

Main Enclosure has several Attractions

Going back to the main route, the paved road reaches the Main Enclosure, so you can easily enter it. Its alternating entrance surrounded by stone walls, called Koguchi, which was restored in the present time based on the achievements of the excavation.

A view of the entrance from above the stone walls

One of the highlights of it is the stone wall base for the Main Tower. Part of it such as the stone steps were added later than the original. However, the basic type, called Anagura-siki or the Cellar Type, is a very early method for Main Tower bases. Historians say the base might have been built by Nobukatsu.

The inside of the base (the Cellar Type)

The second one has a good view of the town from it. The area around the town looks rich and peaceful, probably the same as in the past. That proves the good location of the castle.

The rest is the stone walls surrounding the enclosure, you can look around. They look newer and more processed than those of the Northern Enclosures, so the Kuno Clan might repaired them.

Part of the stone walls were made with two tiers

To be continued in “Tamaru Castle Part3”
Back to “Tamaru Castle Part1”